2 Chronicles 21:10

Authorized King James Version

So the Edomites revolted from under the hand of Judah unto this day. The same time also did Libnah revolt from under his hand; because he had forsaken the LORD God of his fathers.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
תִּפְשַׁ֥ע
H6586
revolt
to break away (from just authority), i.e., trespass, apostatize, quarrel
#2
אֱד֜וֹם
H123
So the Edomites
edom, the elder twin-brother of jacob; hence the region (idumaea) occupied by him
#3
מִתַּ֣חַת
H8478
the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc
#4
יָד֑וֹ
H3027
from under his hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#5
יְהוּדָ֗ה
H3063
of Judah
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
#6
עַ֚ד
H5704
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#7
הַיּ֣וֹם
H3117
unto this day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#8
הַזֶּ֔ה
H2088
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#9
אָ֣ז
H227
at that time or place; also as a conjunction, therefore
#10
תִּפְשַׁ֥ע
H6586
revolt
to break away (from just authority), i.e., trespass, apostatize, quarrel
#11
לִבְנָ֛ה
H3841
also did Libnah
libnah, a place in the desert and one in palestine
#12
בָּעֵ֥ת
H6256
The same time
time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc
#13
הַהִ֖יא
H1931
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#14
מִתַּ֣חַת
H8478
the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc
#15
יָד֑וֹ
H3027
from under his hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#16
כִּ֣י
H3588
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#17
עָזַ֔ב
H5800
because he had forsaken
to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc
#18
אֶת
H853
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#19
יְהוָ֖ה
H3068
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#20
אֱלֹהֵ֥י
H430
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#21
אֲבֹתָֽיו׃
H1
of his fathers
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 2 Chronicles Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection